Shock-absorber.



PATBNTED NOV. 6,

C. MORGAN.

SHOCK ABSORBER.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN.11.19on.

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"struction by the wheels o A UNITED STATES 'PATENT oEEIoE.

To a/ZZ whom it mayiconcern: y

Be it known that I, CEARLES MORGAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of South Orange, in the county of Essex and AState of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Shock-- Absorbers, of which t e following is a speciiication. A

This invention :relates to a device which is adapted to be used in connection with vehicle-spri sv to absorb the shock caused by 'the jounce o the body of the vehicle.

The springs used to su port the' body of the vehicle must be fiexib e in order to rovide an easy-riding carriage, land if t ese 4 springs are made sufficiently rigid or stift` to take up the jounce. caused by extremely-` rough roads orbynassin overiiff'somc c the vvehicle they would not be sufficiently flexible to provide for the easyriding qualities which are desirable.

In order to provide against andv prevent the shock which would be caused by the body of the vehicle striking against the runningfgean. I have provided a device which is adapted to be used in connection with the ordinary cardage-springs and whichlwill furnish a cushion to absorb the shock., The device is in the form of a piston reciprocating in an airchamber which is provided at either end with valves of suitable construction.' These valves open to allow the air to iiow freely into the compression-chamber when'the pis-' ton moves in one direction and are closed automatically by air-pressure by' the vreturn stroke. The valves at thev opposite ends of the compressionichamber operate alternately as the piston reciprocates in .the chamber. A suitable connection is provided at one end of'.

this chamber for attaching the same to the running-gear of the vehicle, and the iston is provided with-a stem extending to t e exterior of the opposite end of the chamber, where it is provided with a suitable connection for attaching the same to the bodyof the vehicle. As the vehicle jounces up` and down and as the wheels pass over obstructions or rough places in the road a relative movement is set up between the piston and the com ression-chamber and the arriflternately awn in and compressed onopposite Speccation of Letters Patent. applioaionmeaianuary 11.1906. sea No. 295.605.

" the` air inthe cylin er.. In order to provide against dust or other' matter being drawn into the cylinder in which the iston operates, I have provided a.` screen ma e of wire-gauze or othersuitable sides of said piston, thus forming anvfwwby efliciently to1151186113*A ion which serves very f f t "1 Patented Nov. 6, 1906.

f f and prevent any severe shock caused bythe movement of the carriage-body andruinnnggear. i,

The valves may be so constructed as to allow a small amount of air to escape Vthrough ythe same .when closed, and so provide a @means for-adjustf the cushioningeffect of material, which is carried by an intermediate member, which also furnishes a f uide for the piston-stem on one end and fort e valvef stem on the opposite end. This insures :r cleanintericrsm'fac ihr the piston-chamber and prevents the rapid wear, which kwould soon cause a leakage, and so render the same inoperative, and consequently prolongs the ,life of the device and insures a more perfect operation.

The various features of a device embodying my invention will be more fully described in connection with the drawings accompany- 'in this specification.

igure is a side elevation of a device such as described, adapted to be attached to a vehicle. Fi 2 is a sectional side elevation taken onthe l1ne 2 2 of Fi 1 looking in the direction of the arrows. `ig. 3 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2 lookmgin the direction of the arrows.

At 1 I have shown a cylindrical housing forming the compression-chamber in which the piston 2 is operated. This piston is ,pro- .videdf'with a stem 3, which extends to the exterior of the compressiomchamber, A'where it is provided with a suitable connection, such Aas 4, for connecting same with the body of the vehicle.

Located'intermediary of the compressionchamber and the flan Te-eap 5 is an intermediatc member 6, whic is provided with radially-extending arms joined at their intersection, providing a guide for the valve-stem 7 of the valve 8. Openings of vlarge size are 1provided .between the radially-extending Varms of the intermediate member 6; These openin s are covered by a screen 9, which is preferaly of wire-gauze, which is of such a lisizefastoittightly in place and may also be 1 clfagainst the arms by the Spiral'spring 10, alijioperates to hold. the valvel 8 inits- IOO . closed position. A valve-opening 11 is provided in fthe cap 5. At the opposite end of the compression-chamber a cap 12 is provided, and located intermediary of said cap 5 and the compression-cylinder is an intermediate member 13,which is provided with radially-extending arms joined at their intersection, providing aguide for the pistonstem'3.

The spiral spring 14 is rovided to hold the valve 15 closed against t e opening 16 in the cap 12. This opening 16 is somewhat larger than `the piston-stem 3, providing for the free passage of the air to the interior ofthe device on the downstroke of the piston. The valve- -3 spring 14 also holds the wire-gauze 17 in place f tocover theopenings betweentheradially-exv tending arms of the intermediate nlember 13.

The valve-spring at the lower end ofthe device serves to hold the valve 8 in position lover -the opening 11 and also rests upon and holds the gauze 9 in position. 'The yintermediate member 6 is provided V w'ith-a central -openin forming a guide for the valve-stem 7; T e upper valve 15 is adapted to slide upon the piston-rod 3, which forms -a guide vfor the same.

In adapting Ithe device for use with a roadve'hicle theupper end 4 is preferably attached to the bodand lower end 5 to the ruiminggear .in suc a manner that when the vehicle is caring anormal load over an ordinary road t e piston 2 will stand approximately midway between the upper and lower' end of the compression-chamber. When the wheels pass over an unusual obstruction, which will cause an extreme jounce, the pist0n Will be forced downward by the movement of the body, closing the valve 8 and compressing the air inthe lower portion of the chamber and at the same time opening the valve at the upper end by means of the suction produced by the movement of the piston, drawing the air through the opening 16 into-the intermediate chamber and from thence through the gauze 17 into the compression-chamber. Upon the return upward movement of thebody the valve 15 is closed l andthe air is compressed in the upper portion i 5o ofthe chamber and at the same time the valve 8 at the lowerend of the device is opened and the air is drawn in through the opening 11 to the intermediate chamber and through the gauze 9 to the lower portion of the compression-chamber. In this manner a complete aircushion is formed which absorbs the shock caused by the extreme j ounce ofthe vehicle, resulting in a vehicle which rides very smoothly and easily without an extreme movement of the body and completely absorbing and preventing any shock to the occupants.

The description of the operation of the device in connection with a road-vehicle is i 6 5 given as an illustration of the operation of the sis up Ha--- device; but it will be evident that the same will apply equally well when it is used in connection with any device or mechanism in which it is desired to limit the movement and prevent the shock caused by the sudden stoppage of the parts.

The form and construction shown and described herein is intended as an illustration merely of a preferred form of a device embodying the invention, and it will be evident that various changes in the details of the construction'may be made to adapt lthe same to various uses without departing from the sco e of my invention.

hat I claim is- 1. In a shock-absorber, in combination, a primary compression-chamber located intermediary of a plurality of secondary chambers communicating therewith, said secondary chambers being separated from said primary chamber by intermediate members/ one of which forms a guide for the pistonrod, valves controlling theinlet andputlet lto said secondary chambers, and a piston adapted to be operated in .said primary-chamber.

2. In a shock-absorber, in combination, a

primary compression-chamber located intery mediary of a plurality of secondary chambers communicating therewith,. said secondary chambers being separated from' primary chamber by intermediate members one of which forms a guide for a valve-stem, valves controlling the inlet and outlet to said secondary chambers, and a piston adapted to be operated in said primary chamber.

3. In. a shock-absorber, in combination, a primary compression-chamber located intermediary of a plurality of secondary chambers communicating therewith, said secondary chambers being separated from said ICO one of which forms a guide for the pistonrod at one end, another of which formsa guide for a valve-stem at `the opposite end ,of said primary chamber, valves controllin the i 1o inlet and outlet to said secondary cham ers, and a piston adapted to be operated in said primary chamber.

4. In a shock-absorber, in combination, a primary compression-chamber.located intermediary of a plurality of secondary chambers communicating therewith, said secondary chambers being separated from said primary chamber by intermediate members one of which forms a guide for the piston-l rod, valves controlling the inlet and outlet to said secondary chambers, the pistonrod forming a guide for one of said valves, and a piston adapted to be operated in said primary chamber.

5. In a shockabsorber, in combination, a primary compression-chamber located intermediary of a plurality of secondary cham- Ils . bers communicating therewith, said secondary chambers being separated from said io 5 primary chamber by intermediate members, if

XIS

the inlet and outlet to said secondary cham.

ber, and a piston adapted to be operated in said compression-chamber.

7. In a shock-absorber, in combination, a tubular member forming a compressionchamber, intermediate members attached to the opposite ends of said tubular member and separating said compression-chamber from secondary chambers, caps attached to said intermediate members and forming therewith said secondar chambers, valves controlling the inlet andyoutlet to said secondary chambers, and a piston ada ted to be operated in said compression-cham er.

.8. 4In a shock-absorber, the combination of a primary compression-chamber, a secondary compression-chamber, an intermediate member se arating said chambers having an opening therein providing for the passage ol a fluid therethrough, a screen covering said opening in said intermediate member, a valve controlling the inlet and outlet to sai secondary chamber, and a piston adapted to be operated in said 1 "imary chamber to compress a fluid therein.

9. In a shock-absorber, the combination of a primary compression-chamber, a secondary compression-chamber ositioned at onf* end of said primary chamber, an intermediate member seEarating-said chambers having an opening t erein providing for the passage of a uid theretllrou h and also having an opening forming a li e for the valvestem, a valve controlling he inlet and outlet to said secondary chamber, and a iston adapted to be operated in said cham er to compress air therein. v

1 0. In a shock-absorber, the combination of a primary compression-chamber, a plurality of secondary chambers communicating therewith, a plurality of intermediate members separatin said primary and secondary chambers eac having an opening therein providing for the passage of the fluid therethrough and one of said intermediate members havinin addition an opening forming a guide for t e piston-stem, valves controlling the inlet and outlet to said secondary chambers, and a piston adapted to be operated in said primary chamber to compress a fluid therein.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 25th day of December, A.'D. 1905.

vCHARLES MORGAN.

Witnesses:

WM. ARTHUR BABsoN, WALTER H. BOND. 

